How would a backflow issue occur with a lawn irrigation system?

A backflow issue exists if a lawn irrigation sprinkler malfunctions and a city water main breaks at the same time. When the water pressure drops, it creates a vacuum that sucks some water, which may be contaminated, into the city water supply. An example of this situation would be if a homeowner found worms, along with rust, and other debris in his bathtub when he filled the tub. These contaminants came into the water system after a contractor installed a sprinkler system and used an unapproved atmospheric vacuum breaker. When the sprinkler system malfunctioned and the city water main broke, it created the suction that pushed the contaminated water into the bathtub.

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1. Does everyone have to comply with backflow regulations?
2. Why is the City responsible for enforcing the rules on backflow since they are State of California’s rules?
3. We have been here all these years and never had to do anything about backflow before. Why do I have to do this now?
4. Can my home or business be “grandfathered” in for the backflow devices?
5. Must my home or business have backflow prevention?
6. How would a backflow issue occur with a lawn irrigation system?
7. Who do I call to report sidewalk problems, potholes or damaged roadways?
8. Why doesn't the City do more complete road repairs rather than simply patching the potholes?
9. Who do I contact if a street light needs repair?
10. Who is responsible for routine maintenance of sidewalk, curb, gutter and street trees?
11. Where do I call to report water leaks or a broken hydrant?
12. Who do I call if I have a sewer blockage in the line that is not on my property?
13. Where do I report an abandoned vehicle?
14. Who do I call about graffiti problems?
15. Where do I report illegal trash dumping or fire hazards?